As summer temperatures rise across Spain, dog owners are adapting by adjusting their routines—taking walks during cooler hours, carrying portable water bowls, and avoiding leaving pets in parked cars. While these precautions have become common practice, new, often overlooked risks related to heat and insects are emerging, putting dogs’ health at risk.
One such concern is the growing threat of leishmaniasis, a parasitic disease spread by sandflies. Historically common in Mediterranean Spain, the sandfly season has now extended, with activity observed from March to November. This has led to cases in urban areas, as sandflies thrive in gardens, parks, and patios. To protect their pets, owners should use repellents such as Scalibor® collars or Advantix® spot-on treatments, which need to be applied consistently. While the leishmania vaccine can help the immune system respond more effectively, it does not prevent infection, so a combination of repellents, vaccination, and regular blood screenings is recommended.
Heat stroke remains one of the deadliest summer risks for dogs, particularly short-nosed breeds, seniors, and those exercised in hot conditions. Key signs of heat stroke include heavy panting, drooling, red or pale gums, disorientation, vomiting, or even collapse. In case of heat stroke, owners should immediately move their dog to a cool, shaded area, apply cool water (not ice), offer small amounts of water, and seek emergency veterinary care. Without prompt treatment, heat stroke can quickly lead to organ failure, especially in dogs with dark coats or those that are overweight.
Pavement temperatures in southern Spain can reach over 45°C, even in the evening, which can damage dogs’ paw pads. These pads help regulate body temperature, and when damaged, it becomes harder for dogs to cool down. Applying paw balm or coconut oil after walks can help protect and hydrate the pads. Inside the home, placing fans near resting areas can provide relief from the heat and help keep sandflies at bay.
Summer also affects dogs’ sleep patterns. Studies show that dogs sleep up to 40% less during heatwaves, leading to elevated stress hormones and weakened immune responses. A lack of rest can make dogs more vulnerable to infections and behavioral issues.
Proper nutrition plays a significant role in a dog’s ability to cope with summer heat. Hot weather often suppresses appetite, especially in dogs on dry kibble diets. Chronic low-level dehydration can lead to gut inflammation, reduced heat tolerance, and irritability. To help combat this, owners can soak kibble in water or broth, offer hydrating snacks like frozen cucumber or canned sardines, and include probiotics in their dog’s diet. Avoid feeding sweet fruits, like watermelon, as they contain high sugar content, which can be harmful to overweight dogs.
Behavioral changes can also signal heat stress. Some dogs may become irritable, reluctant to eat, or exhibit obsessive behaviors like licking their paws. These signs are often mistaken for behavioral problems or aging, but they can indicate dehydration or heat-related stress. Providing cooling mats, frozen toys, and quiet time in a cool, dark room can help alleviate these symptoms.
While awareness among Spanish dog owners has improved, the effects of climate change are creating new challenges. The extended sandfly season, subtle dehydration, and heat-related stress signals are just a few of the dangers to watch out for. With proper care and vigilance, owners can help their pets navigate the summer months safely.